{"id":9304,"date":"2021-03-12T09:34:00","date_gmt":"2021-03-12T08:34:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/collection-t.com\/journal\/?post_type=origines&p=9304"},"modified":"2021-03-12T09:36:03","modified_gmt":"2021-03-12T08:36:03","slug":"la-culture-du-theier","status":"publish","type":"origines","link":"https:\/\/collection-t.com\/journal\/origines\/la-culture-du-theier\/","title":{"rendered":"LA CULTURE DU TH\u00c9IER"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\"\"<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Le cam\u00e9lia<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n<\/div><\/div>
\n

Le th\u00e9ier est un arbuste issu de la famille des Camelias pouvant atteindre une hauteur de 10 \u00e0 15 m\u00e8tres en moyenne \u00e0 l’\u00e9tat sauvage. Cultiv\u00e9s, les th\u00e9iers sont maintenus \u00e0 une hauteur d’environ 1,20 m\u00e8tre de fa\u00e7on \u00e0 faciliter la r\u00e9colte manuelle et favoriser la croissance des bourgeons.<\/p>\n

Le Cam\u00e9lia poss\u00e8dent des feuilles brillantes et relativement \u00e9paisses, de couleur vert fonc\u00e9. Il produit des fleurs blanches que l\u2019on ne laisse pas \u00e9clore car elles ne sont pas utilis\u00e9es dans la production du th\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Il existe pas loin de\u00a0200 vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de Camellia mais seulement deux vari\u00e9t\u00e9s sont n\u00e9cessaire pour la culture du th\u00e9\u00a0:<\/p>\n

Le Camellia sinensis (Vari\u00e9t\u00e9 SINENSIS)<\/h2>\n

Originaire de la r\u00e9gion du Yunnan en Chine, c\u2019est le plus petit des th\u00e9iers. Il poss\u00e8de des petites feuilles vert olive et vit dans des endroits secs \u00e0 basse temp\u00e9rature.<\/p>\n

Le Camellia sinensis (Vari\u00e9t\u00e9 ASSAMICA)<\/h2>\n

Originaire de la r\u00e9gion d’Assam en Inde, cette vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de th\u00e9ier poss\u00e8de des grandes feuilles souples, claires, brillantes et plus charnues. Ce Camellia vit dans des plaines aux r\u00e9gions de mousson, \u00e0 fortes pr\u00e9cipitations.<\/p>\n

La cueillette<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n

<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/div>
<\/div>\"\"<\/div><\/div>
<\/div>
\n

Au bout de chaque tige se trouve un petit bourgeon. Les feuilles de th\u00e9 se situent le long de la tige, \u00e0 la suite du bourgeon. La qualit\u00e9 de la cueillette est d\u00e9termin\u00e9e par le nombre de feuilles que l’on cueille apr\u00e8s bourgeon : le moins de feuilles que l\u2019on pr\u00e9l\u00e8ve apr\u00e8s le bourgeon signifie que la cueillette sera de meilleure qualit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Trois types de cueillettes\u00a0existent :<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

La cueillette imp\u00e9riale :<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n

le bourgeon et la feuille qui le suit.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

La cueillette fine :<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n

le bourgeon et les deux feuilles qui le suivent. Cette cueillette est d’excellente qualit\u00e9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

La cueillette moyenne :<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n

le bourgeon et les trois feuilles qui le suivent. Cette cueillette est de moins bonne qualit\u00e9 que les autres, mais permet au th\u00e9ier de mieux se d\u00e9velopper.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, la cueillette se fait toujours \u00e0 la main. La cueillette m\u00e9canique n\u2019est que tr\u00e8s peu pratiqu\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Ainsi, du m\u00eame arbre, d\u2019une m\u00eame cueillette, se d\u00e9clinent toutes les couleurs de th\u00e9 (blanc, vert, noir, rouge…)<\/p>\n

Le climat<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>
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\n

Pour se d\u00e9velopper dans de bonnes conditions, le th\u00e9ier doit se cultiver dans un climat chaud et humide (la temp\u00e9rature optimale est d\u2019environ 18\u00b0C \u00e0 20\u00b0C). La culture se fait en pente, \u00e0 flanc de montagnes, \u00e0 une altitude allant de 1000 \u00e0 2500m. Le sol doit \u00eatre perm\u00e9able, riche en min\u00e9raux et relativement profond car les racines du th\u00e9ier peuvent s’enfoncer jusqu’\u00e0 6m de profondeur.<\/p>\n

Chaque r\u00e9gion a ses particularit\u00e9s, et ces particularit\u00e9s auront forc\u00e9ment un impact sur la qualit\u00e9\u00a0du th\u00e9 qui sera produit.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>

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